A metaphysical term meaning ‘existence’, employed by philosophically-inclined thinkers such as al-F膩r膩b墨 (d. ca. 950), Ibn Rushd (d. 1198), al-Suhraward墨 and Mull膩 峁dr膩 (d. 1050/1640). According to Ibn Sina (d. 1037), God is the w膩jib al-wujud (‘the necessary existent’ or ‘the one whose essence is to exist’). Sufis use the term 飞耻箩奴诲 in different ways. Ibn al-士Arab墨 (d. 638/1240) is regarded as the father of the concept of wa岣at al-飞耻箩奴诲 (the unity of being).
